1. Kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv refractory nyob rau hauv qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub qhov cub tawg muaj qhov cuam tshuam tseem ceeb rau lub neej ntawm blast furnace
Blast furnace hauv ob sab phlu refractory cov ntaub ntawv los tiv thaiv cov nyhuv ntawm kub thermal poob siab, nqi, roj yaig thiab hnav, alkali hlau yaig, lub cub tawg kuj nyob rau hauv cov hlau kub thiab slag yaig, ntxuav. Si N₄ Bonding SiC bricks thiab SiAlON bonding SiC cib yog dav siv vim lawv superior alkali tsis kam thiab zoo thermal shock resistance, abrasion resistance, kub ntim stability, thiab lwm yam. Nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj, Si₃N₄ yog ₄ ua ke nrog SiC cib rau lub cev qis. , duav, thiab bosh. Thaum nyob hauv Tebchaws Meskas thiab cov tebchaws nyob sab Europe, SiAlON ₃ bricks yog ₄ ₄ ua ke nrog SiC cib rau kev siv zoo.
Nrog kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, tom qab siv cov phab ntsa txias tooj liab, qhov kev txwv txuas ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob lub neej maj mam hloov los ntawm qhov qis dua ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob lub cev, lub duav, lub plab thiab lwm qhov chaw kub kub rau hauv qhov cub. lub tog raj kheej, thiab qhov cub lub tog raj kheej ib ntus maj mam dhau los ua qhov tsis muaj zog txuas hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov cub tawg. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob lub tog raj kheej feem ntau siv cov thev naus laus zis sib xyaw ntawm ceramic khob thiab carbon cib. Txhawm rau ua kom lub neej ntev ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob lub tog raj kheej, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb los txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv refractory thiab kev faib kom muaj nuj nqis. Hauv qab ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tau tawg los ntawm cov hlau molten thiab slag rau lub sijhawm ntev, thiab nws tsis tuaj yeem kho tau vim tias lub sijhawm ntev cia ntawm cov kub kub molten hlau, yog li cov kev xav tau ntau dua tau muab tso rau hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm ceramic. khob thiab carbon bricks nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub qhov cub tawg.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lub qhov cub tawg tuyere refractory ntxiv rau kev ntxuav los ntawm cov cua muaj zog, tab sis kuj los ntawm lub zog ntawm thermal shock thiab alkaline cua yaig, feem ntau yuav tsum tau kho, thiab txawm tias yuav tsum tau hloov, tab sis kuj cuam tshuam rau pem hauv ntej ntws. ntawm qhov cub tawg. Qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlau orifice cheeb tsam tsis zoo, thiab cov hlau orifice ua ke cib yog siv los ua kom haum cov khoom ntawm lub tog raj kheej, xws li carbon, semi-graphite carbon-silicon carbide, mullite, silicon carbide thiab lwm yam. Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm blast furnace ironmaking, refractories siv nyob rau hauv blast furnace yog tas li tsim thiab siv, thiab ntau yam tshiab refractories technologies tau tshwm sim, uas tsim nyog mloog thiab kev sib tham.
2, lub hauv paus qauv ntawm lub moj tej tawg rauv thiab smelting txheej txheem
Lub tshuab hluav taws xob lub cev tau muab faib ua tsib ntu ntawm sab saum toj mus rau hauv qab: caj pas, lub cev, lub duav, plab thiab lub tog raj kheej. Qhov kub ntawm txhua qhov yog: hauv qab ntawm lub qhov cub feem ntau yog 1450 ~ 1500 degree, qhov chaw hearth, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaj chaw tuyere, yog 1700 ~ 2000 degree, lub plab thiab lub duav yog 1400 ~ 1600 degree, thiab lub cev ntawm Lub qhov cub yog 600 ~ 800 degree.
Hauv kev tsim hluav taws xob ntau lawm, hlau ore, coke thiab slag flux (limestone) tau thauj khoom los ntawm sab saum toj ntawm lub qhov cub, thiab cov cua preheated tau tshuab mus rau hauv lub tuyere nyob rau hauv qis ntawm lub qhov cub tawg raws lub qhov cub. Thaum qhov kub thiab txias, coke (qee lub qhov cub tawg kuj tshuab cov pa hluav taws xob xws li pulverized thee, roj hnyav, thiab cov pa roj carbon monoxide) hlawv nrog oxygen hauv huab cua los tsim cov pa roj carbon monoxide thiab hydrogen, thiab cov hlau ore raug txo kom hlau thaum lub sij hawm nce. hauv qhov cub.
FIG. 2 Schematic daim duab ntawm blast furnace ironmaking
3, blast furnace refractory cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev puas tsuaj mechanism